Childhood Caries, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Prevention and Etiology

The early childhood caries is a major problem in many countries, especially developing countries. That’s why we conducted a study in order to answer these questions about the prevalence, the risk factors, the prevention, the clinical classification and the etiology as well as the pathogens. Even we will present a list with the dispersion of early childhood caries among the world.

The Development Can Be Categorized As:

Microbiological factors,

Dietary,

Environmental risk factors.

Clinical Classification Of Early Childhood Caries:

Type I (mild to moderate)

The existence of isolated carious lesions involving incisors and/or molars.  The most common causes are a combination of semisolid or solid food and lack of oral hygiene.

Type II (moderate to severe)

Smooth surface lesions (labial-lingual lesions, approximal molar lesions). Caused by inappropriate use of  feeding or at breast-feeding or a combination of both, with or without poor oral hygiene.

Type III (severe)

Early childhood caries was described as carious lesions affecting almost all teeth including the mandibular incisors. Caused by a combination of cariogenic food substances and poor oral.

The Etiology and Pathogens Of Early Childhood Caries

Environmental Factors

Low Birth Weight

Low Socioeconomic

Poor Parental Education

Cariogenic Microorganisms

Maternal Oral Health

Oral Hygiene

Slaiva

High Sugar Diet

Feeding Practices

Nocturnal Breastfeeding

Lack or Fluoride Exposure

Enamel Defect

Genetic

Which Disciplinary are Involved in The Diagnoses?

Many disciplinarians are involved in early childhood caries. For instance, the medical disciplinary, because the classification must be diagnosed at the dental clinic. Even the sociological disciplinary, because early childhood caries is preventive care that depends on the environmental factors, home care, and community care. Also the nutrition science discipline, diet is one of the causes for the exposure to carbohydrates. As well as the epidemiological disciplinary, because early childhood caries is categorized as a chronic, infectious disease.

What is The Prevalence Rate For The Early Childhood Caries

A review of the literature suggests that in most developed countries the prevalence rate is between 1 and 12%. In less developed countries and among the disadvantaged groups in the developed countries, the prevalence has been reported to be as high as 70%.

What Factors Lead to Early Childhood Caries?

The prevalence of  early childhood caries, varies with several factors like race, culture, and ethnicity, socioeconomic status, lifestyle, dietary pattern, oral hygiene practices, from country to country and from area to area.

Gender and age 

According to a study, the highest prevalence of early childhood caries, is found in the 3- to 4-year-old age group. Moreover, boys are significantly more affected than girls. Another epidemiological study from Europe found that early childhood caries is randomly dispersed in the populations.

The Dispersion of Early Childhood Caries Among The World (Trusted source)

Table shows the Early Childhood Caries in the low socioeconomic groups among the world